primary sources

Using Statutes

What are statutes?

Statutes are laws enacted by a legislative body. They are binding on persons located within the jurisdictional authority of the legislative body. Statutes are what most people call "laws." While statutes are presumed to be clear as to their meaning, it is usually necessary to consult court decisions to determine how a particular statute is applied within the jurisdiction.

How to Shepardize a Case in Print

by Cindy Landau

Last Updated: 14 Oct 2008

NOTE: The Law Library subscribes only to the following print citators: N.H., Atlantic, Northeastern, and IP. Please use Shepard's on LexisNexis or KeyCite on Westlaw to validate cases.

New Hampshire Legislative History

Committee Hearings Reports & Minutes

By Cindy Landau , Assistant Library Director

1. Obtain the Revised Statute Annotated (R.S.A) Number.

2. Find date of passage of law in "History Source" section at end of the R.S.A. section.

Federal Legislative History

A legislative history is a collection of the documents created by Congress or a state legislature during the process leading up to the enactment of a law. The legislative history provides evidence that members of the legislative body were aware of particular issues and facts, and includes comments and recommendations of committees and individual members of the legislative body.

Reading Legal Citations

Legal Citations

A citation is a reference to legal authorities and precedents such as statutes, cases, regulations and law review articles. Citations are used in arguments to courts, legal textbooks, law review articles and the like to establish or fortify the propositions argued.

Citations to legal materials follow a standard format which makes it possible for anyone using a law library to find cited cases, statutes, regulations, and law review articles.

Most legal citations consist of three basic parts:

About Case Law

A Research Guide on Finding Cases

Court opinions, or cases, are published in reporters.  Reporters collect cases in chronological order.  Often sets of reporters are limited to opinions from a single jurisdiction or a single court.  Federal reporters contain opinions from federal courts while state and regional reporters offer opinions from a state or states in a particular geographic region.  Regardless, all reporters are arranged chronologically.

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